Core i5-12400F vs EPYC 4584PX

CPU

GPU

Core i5-12400F

6 Cores12 Thrd65 WWMax: 4.4 GHz2022

Popular choices:

•••••••••

EPYC 4584PX

16 Cores32 Thrd120 WWMax: 5.7 GHz2024

Popular choices:

i5-12400F•••••••••

Performance Spectrum - CPU

Core i5-12400F

6 / 12

19,532

0.0%

60,169

+208.1%

Ryzen AI 9 HX PRO 375

Ryzen Threadripper PRO 5945WX

Ryzen 9 PRO 7945

Ryzen 9 8945HX

Ryzen Threadripper PRO 5975WX

Ryzen Threadripper 9960X

Ryzen Threadripper 7970X

Ryzen Threadripper PRO 7985WX

About PassMark

PassMark CPU Mark evaluates processor speed through complex mathematical computations. It provides a reliable metric to compare multi-core performance, where higher scores indicate faster processing for multitasking, gaming, and heavy workloads.

Head-to-Head Verdict, Benchmarks, Value & Long-Term Outlook

This comparison brings together gaming FPS, productivity performance, platform differences, power efficiency, pricing context, and upgrade path so you can see which CPU actually makes more sense.

Core i5-12400F

2022

Why buy it

✅Costs $1,343 less on MSRP ($174 MSRP vs $1,517 MSRP).
✅Delivers 183.0% more PassMark for each dollar spent, at 112.3 vs 39.7 PassMark/$ ($174 MSRP vs $1,517 MSRP).
✅Draws 65W instead of 120W, a 55W reduction.
✅Includes a boxed cooler (Yes), unlike EPYC 4584PX.

Trade-offs

❌Worse for gaming: lower average FPS than EPYC 4584PX across 6 shared CPU benchmark tests.
❌Lower PassMark (19,532 vs 60,169).
❌Less compelling for workstation-style loads than EPYC 4584PX, which brings 16 cores / 32 threads and 28 PCIe lanes.
❌No integrated graphics, while EPYC 4584PX can still boot and troubleshoot without a discrete GPU.

EPYC 4584PX

2024

Why buy it

✅Better for gaming: +58.9% higher average FPS across 6 shared CPU benchmark tests.
✅Better for workstations and heavier parallel workloads: 16 cores / 32 threads, plus 28 PCIe lanes vs 20.
✅40% more PCIe lanes (28 vs 20) for storage and expansion-heavy builds.
✅Integrated graphics onboard with AMD Radeon Graphics, while Core i5-12400F needs a discrete GPU.

Trade-offs

❌Lower PassMark per dollar, at 39.7 vs 112.3 PassMark/$ ($1,517 MSRP vs $174 MSRP).
❌84.6% higher power demand at 120W vs 65W.
❌No boxed cooler included, unlike Core i5-12400F.

Core i5-12400F

2022

EPYC 4584PX

2024

Why buy it

✅Costs $1,343 less on MSRP ($174 MSRP vs $1,517 MSRP).
✅Delivers 183.0% more PassMark for each dollar spent, at 112.3 vs 39.7 PassMark/$ ($174 MSRP vs $1,517 MSRP).
✅Draws 65W instead of 120W, a 55W reduction.
✅Includes a boxed cooler (Yes), unlike EPYC 4584PX.

Why buy it

✅Better for gaming: +58.9% higher average FPS across 6 shared CPU benchmark tests.
✅Better for workstations and heavier parallel workloads: 16 cores / 32 threads, plus 28 PCIe lanes vs 20.
✅40% more PCIe lanes (28 vs 20) for storage and expansion-heavy builds.
✅Integrated graphics onboard with AMD Radeon Graphics, while Core i5-12400F needs a discrete GPU.

Trade-offs

❌Worse for gaming: lower average FPS than EPYC 4584PX across 6 shared CPU benchmark tests.
❌Lower PassMark (19,532 vs 60,169).
❌Less compelling for workstation-style loads than EPYC 4584PX, which brings 16 cores / 32 threads and 28 PCIe lanes.
❌No integrated graphics, while EPYC 4584PX can still boot and troubleshoot without a discrete GPU.

Trade-offs

❌Lower PassMark per dollar, at 39.7 vs 112.3 PassMark/$ ($1,517 MSRP vs $174 MSRP).
❌84.6% higher power demand at 120W vs 65W.
❌No boxed cooler included, unlike Core i5-12400F.

Quick Answers

So, is EPYC 4584PX better than Core i5-12400F?

Not in a simple one-size-fits-all way. EPYC 4584PX makes more sense for workstation-style multi-core throughput, while Core i5-12400F is the better mainstream desktop choice for gaming, platform cost, and day-to-day practicality.

Which one is better for gaming?

If gaming is the priority, EPYC 4584PX is the better pick here. According to our tests, it delivers 58.9% more average FPS across 6 shared CPU game tests. It also has a big cache advantage at 128 MB vs 18 MB.

Which one is better for streaming, content creation, and heavy multitasking?

For streaming, content creation, and heavier multitasking, EPYC 4584PX is the better fit. You are getting 208.1% better PassMark, backed by 16 cores and 32 threads. It also carries the larger cache pool with 611.1% larger total L3 cache (128 MB vs 18 MB).

Which one is the smarter buy today, not just the cheaper CPU?

EPYC 4584PX is still the faster CPU overall, but Core i5-12400F makes more sense if price matters more than absolute performance. EPYC 4584PX is 771.8% more expensive on MSRP at $1,517 MSRP versus $174 MSRP, and it gives you a 58.9% average FPS lead across 6 shared CPU game tests in our data. Core i5-12400F is also 183.0% better value on MSRP (112.3 vs 39.7 PassMark/$), which is why it is easier to justify for price-conscious builds on paper.

Which one is more future-proof for 2026 and beyond?

EPYC 4584PX is the more future-proof choice for 2026 and beyond. You are getting a newer CPU generation (2024 vs 2022), 3D V-Cache and a much larger 128 MB L3 cache instead of 18 MB, more multi-core headroom with 16 cores / 32 threads instead of 6/12, and AVX-512 support for heavier modern compute workloads. That should give you a better long-term upgrade path for motherboard, RAM, and future CPU swaps.

Games Benchmarks

Paired with RTX 4090

To accurately isolate CPU performance, all benchmarks below use an NVIDIA RTX 4090 as the reference GPU. This eliminates GPU-side bottlenecks and highlights pure processing throughput differences between the CPUs.

Note: Real-world results may vary based on your actual GPU. CPU performance impact is more visible in processing-intensive titles and high-refresh-rate gaming scenarios.

Core i5-12400F Benchmark Check

EPYC 4584PX Benchmark Check

Path of Exile 2

Preset	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 4584PX
1080p
low	183 FPS	290 FPS
medium	168 FPS	264 FPS
high	139 FPS	219 FPS
ultra	119 FPS	186 FPS
1440p
low	153 FPS	274 FPS
medium	132 FPS	227 FPS
high	106 FPS	176 FPS
ultra	89 FPS	156 FPS
4K
low	87 FPS	189 FPS
medium	81 FPS	155 FPS
high	64 FPS	119 FPS
ultra	49 FPS	106 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open EPYC 4584PX

Path of Exile 2

Path of Exile 2

Counter-Strike 2

Preset	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 4584PX
1080p
low	471 FPS	701 FPS
medium	397 FPS	599 FPS
high	341 FPS	444 FPS
ultra	301 FPS	375 FPS
1440p
low	407 FPS	574 FPS
medium	351 FPS	511 FPS
high	309 FPS	394 FPS
ultra	265 FPS	312 FPS
4K
low	282 FPS	323 FPS
medium	248 FPS	291 FPS
high	229 FPS	256 FPS
ultra	196 FPS	218 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open EPYC 4584PX

Counter-Strike 2

Counter-Strike 2

League of Legends

Preset	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 4584PX
1080p
low	488 FPS	1025 FPS
medium	488 FPS	1166 FPS
high	488 FPS	1102 FPS
ultra	488 FPS	875 FPS
1440p
low	488 FPS	972 FPS
medium	488 FPS	879 FPS
high	485 FPS	806 FPS
ultra	434 FPS	656 FPS
4K
low	442 FPS	597 FPS
medium	389 FPS	519 FPS
high	337 FPS	466 FPS
ultra	274 FPS	394 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open EPYC 4584PX

League of Legends

League of Legends

Valorant

Preset	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 4584PX
1080p
low	488 FPS	1303 FPS
medium	488 FPS	1015 FPS
high	488 FPS	993 FPS
ultra	488 FPS	865 FPS
1440p
low	488 FPS	1035 FPS
medium	488 FPS	897 FPS
high	488 FPS	772 FPS
ultra	473 FPS	647 FPS
4K
low	488 FPS	759 FPS
medium	450 FPS	662 FPS
high	391 FPS	577 FPS
ultra	330 FPS	437 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open EPYC 4584PX

Valorant

Valorant

Check FPS for your specific build

Technical Specifications

Side-by-side comparison of Core i5-12400F and EPYC 4584PX

Core i5-12400F

The Core i5-12400F is manufactured by Intel. It was released in 4 January 2022 (3 years ago). It is based on the Alder Lake-S (2022) architecture. It features 6 cores and 12 threads. Base frequency is 2.5 GHz, with boost up to 4.4 GHz. L3 cache: 18 MB (total). L2 cache: 1.25 MB (per core). Built on Intel 7 nm process technology. Socket: LGA1700. Thermal design power (TDP): 65 Watt. Memory support: DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200. Passmark benchmark score: 19,532 points. Launch price was $180.

EPYC 4584PX

The EPYC 4584PX is manufactured by AMD. It was released in 21 May 2024 (1 year ago). It is based on the Raphael (2023−2025) architecture. It features 16 cores and 32 threads. Base frequency is 4.2 GHz, with boost up to 5.7 GHz. L3 cache: 128 MB (total). L2 cache: 1 MB (per core). Built on 5 nm process technology. Socket: AM5. Thermal design power (TDP): 120 Watt. Memory support: DDR5. Passmark benchmark score: 60,169 points. Launch price was $699.

⚡

Processing Power

The Core i5-12400F packs 6 cores / 12 threads, while the EPYC 4584PX offers 16 cores / 32 threads — the EPYC 4584PX has 10 more cores. Boost clocks reach 4.4 GHz on the Core i5-12400F versus 5.7 GHz on the EPYC 4584PX — a 25.7% clock advantage for the EPYC 4584PX (base: 2.5 GHz vs 4.2 GHz). The Core i5-12400F uses the Alder Lake-S (2022) architecture (Intel 7 nm), while the EPYC 4584PX uses Raphael (2023−2025) (5 nm). In PassMark, the Core i5-12400F scores 19,532 against the EPYC 4584PX's 60,169 — a 102% lead for the EPYC 4584PX. L3 cache: 18 MB (total) on the Core i5-12400F vs 128 MB (total) on the EPYC 4584PX.

Feature	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 4584PX
Cores / Threads	6 / 12	16 / 32+167%
Boost Clock	4.4 GHz	5.7 GHz+30%
Base Clock	2.5 GHz	4.2 GHz+68%
L3 Cache	18 MB (total)	128 MB (total)+611%
L2 Cache	1.25 MB (per core)+25%	1 MB (per core)
Process	Intel 7 nm	5 nm-29%
Architecture	Alder Lake-S (2022)	Raphael (2023−2025)
PassMark	19,532	60,169+208%
Cinebench R23 Multi	12,380	—
Geekbench 6 Single	1,700	—
Geekbench 6 Multi	657	—

🧠

Memory & Platform

The Core i5-12400F uses the LGA1700 socket (PCIe 3.0), while the EPYC 4584PX uses AM5 (PCIe 4.0) — making them incompatible on the same motherboard. Maximum memory speed reaches DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200 on the Core i5-12400F versus 5200 on the EPYC 4584PX — the EPYC 4584PX supports 199.6% faster memory, which can translate to measurable gains in memory-sensitive workloads. The EPYC 4584PX supports up to 256 of RAM compared to 128 GB — 66.7% more capacity for professional workloads. Both feature 2-channel memory with ECC support. PCIe lanes: 20 (Core i5-12400F) vs 28 (EPYC 4584PX) — the EPYC 4584PX offers 8 more lanes for additional GPUs or NVMe drives. Chipset compatibility: H610,B660,H670,Z690,B760,H770,Z790 (Core i5-12400F) and AM5 (EPYC 4584PX).

Feature	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 4584PX
Socket	LGA1700	AM5
PCIe Generation	PCIe 3.0	PCIe 4.0+33%
Max RAM Speed	DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200	5200+103900%
Max RAM Capacity	128 GB+52428700%	256
RAM Channels	2	2
ECC Support	No	Yes
PCIe Lanes	20	28+40%

🔧

Advanced Features

Virtualization support: VT-x, VT-d, EPT (Core i5-12400F) vs VT-x, VT-d, AMD-V (EPYC 4584PX). The EPYC 4584PX includes integrated graphics (AMD Radeon Graphics), while the Core i5-12400F requires a dedicated GPU. Primary use case: Core i5-12400F targets Gaming Performance/Value. Direct competitor: Core i5-12400F rivals Ryzen 5 5600; EPYC 4584PX rivals Ryzen 9 7950X.

Feature	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 4584PX
Integrated GPU	No	Yes
IGPU Model	—	AMD Radeon Graphics
Unlocked	—	Yes
AVX-512	—	Yes
Virtualization	VT-x, VT-d, EPT	VT-x, VT-d, AMD-V
Target Use	Gaming Performance/Value	—

💰

Value Analysis

The Core i5-12400F launched at $174 MSRP, while the EPYC 4584PX debuted at $1517. On MSRP ($174 vs $1517), the Core i5-12400F is $1343 cheaper. In terms of value on MSRP (PassMark points per dollar), the Core i5-12400F delivers 112.3 pts/$ vs 39.7 pts/$ for the EPYC 4584PX — making the Core i5-12400F the 95.6% better value option.