Core i5-12400F vs EPYC 9554P

CPU

GPU

Core i5-12400F

6 Cores12 Thrd65 WWMax: 4.4 GHz2022

Popular choices:

•••••••••

EPYC 9554P

64 Cores128 Thrd360 WWMax: 3.75 GHz2022

Popular choices:

i5-12400F•••••••••

Performance Spectrum - CPU

Core i5-12400F

6 / 12

19,532

0.0%

104,920

+437.2%

Ryzen 9 7945HX3D

Ryzen 9 9950X3D

Ryzen Threadripper 3990X

Ryzen Threadripper 9960X

Ryzen Threadripper PRO 7985WX

Ryzen Threadripper 7980X

Ryzen Threadripper 9980X

Ryzen Threadripper PRO 7995WX

About PassMark

PassMark CPU Mark evaluates processor speed through complex mathematical computations. It provides a reliable metric to compare multi-core performance, where higher scores indicate faster processing for multitasking, gaming, and heavy workloads.

Head-to-Head Verdict, Benchmarks, Value & Long-Term Outlook

This comparison brings together gaming FPS, productivity performance, platform differences, power efficiency, pricing context, and upgrade path so you can see which CPU actually makes more sense.

Core i5-12400F

2022

Why buy it

✅Costs $6,930 less on MSRP ($174 MSRP vs $7,104 MSRP).
✅Delivers 660.0% more PassMark for each dollar spent, at 112.3 vs 14.8 PassMark/$ ($174 MSRP vs $7,104 MSRP).
✅Draws 65W instead of 360W, a 295W reduction.
✅Includes a boxed cooler (Yes), unlike EPYC 9554P.

Trade-offs

❌Worse for gaming: lower average FPS than EPYC 9554P across 4 shared CPU benchmark tests.
❌Lower PassMark (19,532 vs 104,920).
❌Less compelling for workstation-style loads than EPYC 9554P, which brings 64 cores / 128 threads and 128 PCIe lanes.

EPYC 9554P

2022

Why buy it

✅Better for gaming: +6.0% higher average FPS across 4 shared CPU benchmark tests.
✅Better for workstations and heavier parallel workloads: 64 cores / 128 threads, plus 128 PCIe lanes vs 20.
✅540% more PCIe lanes (128 vs 20) for storage and expansion-heavy builds.

Trade-offs

❌Lower PassMark per dollar, at 14.8 vs 112.3 PassMark/$ ($7,104 MSRP vs $174 MSRP).
❌453.8% higher power demand at 360W vs 65W.
❌No boxed cooler included, unlike Core i5-12400F.

Core i5-12400F

2022

EPYC 9554P

2022

Why buy it

✅Costs $6,930 less on MSRP ($174 MSRP vs $7,104 MSRP).
✅Delivers 660.0% more PassMark for each dollar spent, at 112.3 vs 14.8 PassMark/$ ($174 MSRP vs $7,104 MSRP).
✅Draws 65W instead of 360W, a 295W reduction.
✅Includes a boxed cooler (Yes), unlike EPYC 9554P.

Why buy it

✅Better for gaming: +6.0% higher average FPS across 4 shared CPU benchmark tests.
✅Better for workstations and heavier parallel workloads: 64 cores / 128 threads, plus 128 PCIe lanes vs 20.
✅540% more PCIe lanes (128 vs 20) for storage and expansion-heavy builds.

Trade-offs

❌Worse for gaming: lower average FPS than EPYC 9554P across 4 shared CPU benchmark tests.
❌Lower PassMark (19,532 vs 104,920).
❌Less compelling for workstation-style loads than EPYC 9554P, which brings 64 cores / 128 threads and 128 PCIe lanes.

Trade-offs

❌Lower PassMark per dollar, at 14.8 vs 112.3 PassMark/$ ($7,104 MSRP vs $174 MSRP).
❌453.8% higher power demand at 360W vs 65W.
❌No boxed cooler included, unlike Core i5-12400F.

Quick Answers

So, is EPYC 9554P better than Core i5-12400F?

Not in a simple one-size-fits-all way. EPYC 9554P makes more sense for workstation-style multi-core throughput, while Core i5-12400F is the better mainstream desktop choice for gaming, platform cost, and day-to-day practicality.

Which one is better for gaming?

If gaming is the priority, EPYC 9554P is the better pick here. According to our tests, it delivers 6.0% more average FPS across 4 shared CPU game tests. It also has a big cache advantage at 256 MB vs 18 MB.

Which one is better for streaming, content creation, and heavy multitasking?

For streaming, content creation, and heavier multitasking, EPYC 9554P is the better fit. You are getting 437.2% better PassMark, backed by 64 cores and 128 threads. It also carries the larger cache pool with 1322.2% larger total L3 cache (256 MB vs 18 MB).

Which one is the smarter buy today, not just the cheaper CPU?

EPYC 9554P is still the faster CPU overall, but Core i5-12400F makes more sense if price matters more than absolute performance. EPYC 9554P is 3982.8% more expensive on MSRP at $7,104 MSRP versus $174 MSRP, and it gives you a 6.0% average FPS lead across 4 shared CPU game tests in our data. Core i5-12400F is also 660.0% better value on MSRP (112.3 vs 14.8 PassMark/$), which is why it is easier to justify for price-conscious builds on paper.

Which one is more future-proof for 2026 and beyond?

EPYC 9554P is the more future-proof choice for 2026 and beyond. You are getting 3D V-Cache and a much larger 256 MB L3 cache instead of 18 MB and more multi-core headroom with 64 cores / 128 threads instead of 6/12. That extra cache should hold up really well in CPU-limited games and high-refresh builds.

Games Benchmarks

Paired with RTX 4090

To accurately isolate CPU performance, all benchmarks below use an NVIDIA RTX 4090 as the reference GPU. This eliminates GPU-side bottlenecks and highlights pure processing throughput differences between the CPUs.

Note: Real-world results may vary based on your actual GPU. CPU performance impact is more visible in processing-intensive titles and high-refresh-rate gaming scenarios.

Core i5-12400F Benchmark Check

EPYC 9554P Benchmark Check

Path of Exile 2

Preset	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 9554P
1080p
low	183 FPS	171 FPS
medium	168 FPS	142 FPS
high	139 FPS	122 FPS
ultra	119 FPS	96 FPS
1440p
low	153 FPS	149 FPS
medium	132 FPS	120 FPS
high	106 FPS	97 FPS
ultra	89 FPS	77 FPS
4K
low	87 FPS	70 FPS
medium	81 FPS	60 FPS
high	64 FPS	47 FPS
ultra	49 FPS	39 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open EPYC 9554P

Path of Exile 2

Path of Exile 2

Counter-Strike 2

Preset	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 9554P
1080p
low	471 FPS	533 FPS
medium	397 FPS	465 FPS
high	341 FPS	373 FPS
ultra	301 FPS	303 FPS
1440p
low	407 FPS	438 FPS
medium	351 FPS	392 FPS
high	309 FPS	323 FPS
ultra	265 FPS	255 FPS
4K
low	282 FPS	270 FPS
medium	248 FPS	246 FPS
high	229 FPS	216 FPS
ultra	196 FPS	179 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open EPYC 9554P

Counter-Strike 2

Counter-Strike 2

League of Legends

Preset	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 9554P
1080p
low	488 FPS	673 FPS
medium	488 FPS	562 FPS
high	488 FPS	523 FPS
ultra	488 FPS	455 FPS
1440p
low	488 FPS	511 FPS
medium	488 FPS	426 FPS
high	485 FPS	390 FPS
ultra	434 FPS	337 FPS
4K
low	442 FPS	377 FPS
medium	389 FPS	295 FPS
high	337 FPS	263 FPS
ultra	274 FPS	211 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open EPYC 9554P

League of Legends

League of Legends

Valorant

Preset	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 9554P
1080p
low	488 FPS	905 FPS
medium	488 FPS	823 FPS
high	488 FPS	709 FPS
ultra	488 FPS	626 FPS
1440p
low	488 FPS	726 FPS
medium	488 FPS	633 FPS
high	488 FPS	541 FPS
ultra	473 FPS	463 FPS
4K
low	488 FPS	521 FPS
medium	450 FPS	465 FPS
high	391 FPS	408 FPS
ultra	330 FPS	351 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open EPYC 9554P

Valorant

Valorant

Check FPS for your specific build

Technical Specifications

Side-by-side comparison of Core i5-12400F and EPYC 9554P

Core i5-12400F

The Core i5-12400F is manufactured by Intel. It was released in 4 January 2022 (3 years ago). It is based on the Alder Lake-S (2022) architecture. It features 6 cores and 12 threads. Base frequency is 2.5 GHz, with boost up to 4.4 GHz. L3 cache: 18 MB (total). L2 cache: 1.25 MB (per core). Built on Intel 7 nm process technology. Socket: LGA1700. Thermal design power (TDP): 65 Watt. Memory support: DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200. Passmark benchmark score: 19,532 points. Launch price was $180.

EPYC 9554P

The EPYC 9554P is manufactured by AMD. It was released in 10 November 2022 (3 years ago). It is based on the Genoa (2022−2023) architecture. It features 64 cores and 128 threads. Base frequency is 3.1 GHz, with boost up to 3.75 GHz. L3 cache: 256 MB (total). L2 cache: 1 MB (per core). Built on 5 nm, 6 nm process technology. Socket: SP5. Thermal design power (TDP): 360 Watt. Memory support: DDR5-4800. Passmark benchmark score: 104,920 points. Launch price was $7,104.

⚡

Processing Power

The Core i5-12400F packs 6 cores / 12 threads, while the EPYC 9554P offers 64 cores / 128 threads — the EPYC 9554P has 58 more cores. Boost clocks reach 4.4 GHz on the Core i5-12400F versus 3.75 GHz on the EPYC 9554P — a 16% clock advantage for the Core i5-12400F (base: 2.5 GHz vs 3.1 GHz). The Core i5-12400F uses the Alder Lake-S (2022) architecture (Intel 7 nm), while the EPYC 9554P uses Genoa (2022−2023) (5 nm, 6 nm). In PassMark, the Core i5-12400F scores 19,532 against the EPYC 9554P's 104,920 — a 137.2% lead for the EPYC 9554P. L3 cache: 18 MB (total) on the Core i5-12400F vs 256 MB (total) on the EPYC 9554P.

Feature	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 9554P
Cores / Threads	6 / 12	64 / 128+967%
Boost Clock	4.4 GHz+17%	3.75 GHz
Base Clock	2.5 GHz	3.1 GHz+24%
L3 Cache	18 MB (total)	256 MB (total)+1322%
L2 Cache	1.25 MB (per core)+25%	1 MB (per core)
Process	Intel 7 nm	5 nm, 6 nm-29%
Architecture	Alder Lake-S (2022)	Genoa (2022−2023)
PassMark	19,532	104,920+437%
Cinebench R23 Multi	12,380	—
Geekbench 6 Single	1,700	—
Geekbench 6 Multi	657	—

🧠

Memory & Platform

The Core i5-12400F uses the LGA1700 socket (PCIe 3.0), while the EPYC 9554P uses SP5 (PCIe 5.0) — making them incompatible on the same motherboard. Both support up to DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200 memory speed. The Core i5-12400F supports up to 128 GB of RAM compared to 6 TB — 182.1% more capacity for professional workloads. Memory channels: 2 (Core i5-12400F) vs 12 (EPYC 9554P). PCIe lanes: 20 (Core i5-12400F) vs 128 (EPYC 9554P) — the EPYC 9554P offers 108 more lanes for additional GPUs or NVMe drives. Chipset compatibility: H610,B660,H670,Z690,B760,H770,Z790 (Core i5-12400F) and SP5 (EPYC 9554P).

Feature	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 9554P
Socket	LGA1700	SP5
PCIe Generation	PCIe 3.0	PCIe 5.0+67%
Max RAM Speed	DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200	DDR5-4800
Max RAM Capacity	128 GB	6 TB+4700%
RAM Channels	2	12+500%
ECC Support	No	Yes
PCIe Lanes	20	128+540%

🔧

Advanced Features

Virtualization support: VT-x, VT-d, EPT (Core i5-12400F) vs AMD-V, SEV-SNP (EPYC 9554P). Primary use case: Core i5-12400F targets Gaming Performance/Value, EPYC 9554P targets Data Center / Single Socket. Direct competitor: Core i5-12400F rivals Ryzen 5 5600; EPYC 9554P rivals Xeon 8468.

Feature	Core i5-12400F	EPYC 9554P
Integrated GPU	No	No
Virtualization	VT-x, VT-d, EPT	AMD-V, SEV-SNP
Target Use	Gaming Performance/Value	Data Center / Single Socket

💰

Value Analysis

The Core i5-12400F launched at $174 MSRP, while the EPYC 9554P debuted at $7104. On MSRP ($174 vs $7104), the Core i5-12400F is $6930 cheaper. In terms of value on MSRP (PassMark points per dollar), the Core i5-12400F delivers 112.3 pts/$ vs 14.8 pts/$ for the EPYC 9554P — making the Core i5-12400F the 153.5% better value option.