PassMark CPU Mark evaluates processor speed through complex mathematical computations. It provides a reliable metric to compare multi-core performance, where higher scores indicate faster processing for multitasking, gaming, and heavy workloads.

Head-to-Head Verdict, Benchmarks, Value & Long-Term Outlook

This comparison brings together gaming FPS, productivity performance, platform differences, power efficiency, pricing context, and upgrade path so you can see which CPU actually makes more sense.

Core i5-12400F

2022

Why buy it

✅Costs $425 less on MSRP ($174 MSRP vs $599 MSRP).
✅Delivers 19.4% more PassMark for each dollar spent, at 112.3 vs 94.0 PassMark/$ ($174 MSRP vs $599 MSRP).
✅Draws 65W instead of 120W, a 55W reduction.
✅Includes a boxed cooler (Yes), unlike Ryzen 9 9900X3D.

Trade-offs

❌Worse for gaming: lower average FPS than Ryzen 9 9900X3D across 6 shared CPU benchmark tests.
❌Lower Geekbench multi-core (657 vs 26,000).
❌No integrated graphics, while Ryzen 9 9900X3D can still boot and troubleshoot without a discrete GPU.

Ryzen 9 9900X3D

2025

Why buy it

✅Better for gaming: +37.1% higher average FPS across 6 shared CPU benchmark tests.
✅20% more PCIe lanes (24 vs 20) for storage and expansion-heavy builds.
✅Integrated graphics onboard with AMD Radeon Graphics (2 Cores), while Core i5-12400F needs a discrete GPU.

Trade-offs

❌Lower PassMark per dollar, at 94.0 vs 112.3 PassMark/$ ($599 MSRP vs $174 MSRP).
❌84.6% higher power demand at 120W vs 65W.
❌No boxed cooler included, unlike Core i5-12400F.

Core i5-12400F

2022

Ryzen 9 9900X3D

2025

Why buy it

✅Costs $425 less on MSRP ($174 MSRP vs $599 MSRP).
✅Delivers 19.4% more PassMark for each dollar spent, at 112.3 vs 94.0 PassMark/$ ($174 MSRP vs $599 MSRP).
✅Draws 65W instead of 120W, a 55W reduction.
✅Includes a boxed cooler (Yes), unlike Ryzen 9 9900X3D.

Why buy it

✅Better for gaming: +37.1% higher average FPS across 6 shared CPU benchmark tests.
✅20% more PCIe lanes (24 vs 20) for storage and expansion-heavy builds.
✅Integrated graphics onboard with AMD Radeon Graphics (2 Cores), while Core i5-12400F needs a discrete GPU.

Trade-offs

❌Worse for gaming: lower average FPS than Ryzen 9 9900X3D across 6 shared CPU benchmark tests.
❌Lower Geekbench multi-core (657 vs 26,000).
❌No integrated graphics, while Ryzen 9 9900X3D can still boot and troubleshoot without a discrete GPU.

Trade-offs

❌Lower PassMark per dollar, at 94.0 vs 112.3 PassMark/$ ($599 MSRP vs $174 MSRP).
❌84.6% higher power demand at 120W vs 65W.
❌No boxed cooler included, unlike Core i5-12400F.

Quick Answers

So, is Ryzen 9 9900X3D better than Core i5-12400F?

Yes. Ryzen 9 9900X3D is the better overall CPU here. You are getting a 37.1% average FPS lead across 6 shared CPU game tests in our data, 3857.4% better Geekbench multi-core, 188.3% higher PassMark, and the stronger long-term platform, which makes it the stronger all-around choice.

Which one is better for gaming?

If gaming is the priority, Ryzen 9 9900X3D is the better pick here. According to our tests, it delivers 37.1% more average FPS across 6 shared CPU game tests. It also has a big cache advantage at 128 MB vs 18 MB.

Which one is better for streaming, content creation, and heavy multitasking?

For streaming, content creation, and heavier multitasking, Ryzen 9 9900X3D is the better fit. You are getting 3857.4% better Geekbench multi-core, backed by 12 cores and 24 threads. It also carries the larger cache pool with 611.1% larger total L3 cache (128 MB vs 18 MB).

Which one is the smarter buy today, not just the cheaper CPU?

Ryzen 9 9900X3D is still the faster CPU overall, but Core i5-12400F makes more sense if price matters more than absolute performance. Ryzen 9 9900X3D is 244.3% more expensive on MSRP at $599 MSRP versus $174 MSRP, and it gives you a 37.1% average FPS lead across 6 shared CPU game tests in our data. Core i5-12400F is also 19.4% better value on MSRP (112.3 vs 94.0 PassMark/$), which is why it is easier to justify for price-conscious builds on paper. That said, if you already own a compatible LGA1700 + DDR5 setup, Core i5-12400F can still make sense as a platform-matched option because it avoids a motherboard and RAM swap.

Which one is more future-proof for 2026 and beyond?

Ryzen 9 9900X3D is the more future-proof choice for 2026 and beyond. You are getting a newer CPU generation (2025 vs 2022), 3D V-Cache and a much larger 128 MB L3 cache instead of 18 MB, and more multi-core headroom with 12 cores / 24 threads instead of 6/12. That should give you a better long-term upgrade path for motherboard, RAM, and future CPU swaps.

Games Benchmarks

Paired with RTX 4090

To accurately isolate CPU performance, all benchmarks below use an NVIDIA RTX 4090 as the reference GPU. This eliminates GPU-side bottlenecks and highlights pure processing throughput differences between the CPUs.

Note: Real-world results may vary based on your actual GPU. CPU performance impact is more visible in processing-intensive titles and high-refresh-rate gaming scenarios.

Core i5-12400F Benchmark Check

Ryzen 9 9900X3D Benchmark Check

Path of Exile 2

Preset	Core i5-12400F	Ryzen 9 9900X3D
1080p
low	183 FPS	281 FPS
medium	168 FPS	257 FPS
high	139 FPS	220 FPS
ultra	119 FPS	191 FPS
1440p
low	153 FPS	265 FPS
medium	132 FPS	218 FPS
high	106 FPS	173 FPS
ultra	89 FPS	155 FPS
4K
low	87 FPS	183 FPS
medium	81 FPS	150 FPS
high	64 FPS	113 FPS
ultra	49 FPS	100 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open Ryzen 9 9900X3D

Path of Exile 2

Path of Exile 2

Counter-Strike 2

Preset	Core i5-12400F	Ryzen 9 9900X3D
1080p
low	471 FPS	824 FPS
medium	397 FPS	670 FPS
high	341 FPS	497 FPS
ultra	301 FPS	410 FPS
1440p
low	407 FPS	662 FPS
medium	351 FPS	562 FPS
high	309 FPS	433 FPS
ultra	265 FPS	335 FPS
4K
low	282 FPS	369 FPS
medium	248 FPS	317 FPS
high	229 FPS	278 FPS
ultra	196 FPS	233 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open Ryzen 9 9900X3D

Counter-Strike 2

Counter-Strike 2

League of Legends

Preset	Core i5-12400F	Ryzen 9 9900X3D
1080p
low	488 FPS	890 FPS
medium	488 FPS	722 FPS
high	488 FPS	649 FPS
ultra	488 FPS	559 FPS
1440p
low	488 FPS	716 FPS
medium	488 FPS	582 FPS
high	485 FPS	511 FPS
ultra	434 FPS	434 FPS
4K
low	442 FPS	510 FPS
medium	389 FPS	420 FPS
high	337 FPS	377 FPS
ultra	274 FPS	316 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open Ryzen 9 9900X3D

League of Legends

League of Legends

Valorant

Preset	Core i5-12400F	Ryzen 9 9900X3D
1080p
low	488 FPS	1116 FPS
medium	488 FPS	1001 FPS
high	488 FPS	878 FPS
ultra	488 FPS	792 FPS
1440p
low	488 FPS	872 FPS
medium	488 FPS	766 FPS
high	488 FPS	673 FPS
ultra	473 FPS	584 FPS
4K
low	488 FPS	637 FPS
medium	450 FPS	566 FPS
high	391 FPS	503 FPS
ultra	330 FPS	435 FPS

Open Core i5-12400F Open Ryzen 9 9900X3D

Valorant

Valorant

Check FPS for your specific build

Technical Specifications

Side-by-side comparison of Core i5-12400F and Ryzen 9 9900X3D

Core i5-12400F

The Core i5-12400F is manufactured by Intel. It was released in 4 January 2022 (3 years ago). It is based on the Alder Lake-S (2022) architecture. It features 6 cores and 12 threads. Base frequency is 2.5 GHz, with boost up to 4.4 GHz. L3 cache: 18 MB (total). L2 cache: 1.25 MB (per core). Built on Intel 7 nm process technology. Socket: LGA1700. Thermal design power (TDP): 65 Watt. Memory support: DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200. Passmark benchmark score: 19,532 points. Launch price was $180.

Ryzen 9 9900X3D

The Ryzen 9 9900X3D is manufactured by AMD. It was released in 6 January 2025 (less than a year ago). It is based on the Granite Ridge (2024−2025) architecture. It features 12 cores and 24 threads. Base frequency is 4.4 GHz, with boost up to 5.5 GHz. L3 cache: 128 MB (total). L2 cache: 1 MB (per core). Built on 4 nm process technology. Socket: AM5. Thermal design power (TDP): 120 Watt. Memory support: DDR5. Passmark benchmark score: 56,301 points. Launch price was $599.

⚡

Processing Power

The Core i5-12400F packs 6 cores / 12 threads, while the Ryzen 9 9900X3D offers 12 cores / 24 threads — the Ryzen 9 9900X3D has 6 more cores. Boost clocks reach 4.4 GHz on the Core i5-12400F versus 5.5 GHz on the Ryzen 9 9900X3D — a 22.2% clock advantage for the Ryzen 9 9900X3D (base: 2.5 GHz vs 4.4 GHz). The Core i5-12400F uses the Alder Lake-S (2022) architecture (Intel 7 nm), while the Ryzen 9 9900X3D uses Granite Ridge (2024−2025) (4 nm). In PassMark, the Core i5-12400F scores 19,532 against the Ryzen 9 9900X3D's 56,301 — a 97% lead for the Ryzen 9 9900X3D. Geekbench 6 single-core — the metric most relevant to gaming — records 1,700 vs 3,400, a 66.7% lead for the Ryzen 9 9900X3D that directly translates to higher frame rates. Multi-core Geekbench: 657 vs 26,000 (190.1% advantage for the Ryzen 9 9900X3D). L3 cache: 18 MB (total) on the Core i5-12400F vs 128 MB (total) on the Ryzen 9 9900X3D.

Feature	Core i5-12400F	Ryzen 9 9900X3D
Cores / Threads	6 / 12	12 / 24+100%
Boost Clock	4.4 GHz	5.5 GHz+25%
Base Clock	2.5 GHz	4.4 GHz+76%
L3 Cache	18 MB (total)	128 MB (total)+611%
L2 Cache	1.25 MB (per core)+25%	1 MB (per core)
Process	Intel 7 nm	4 nm-43%
Architecture	Alder Lake-S (2022)	Granite Ridge (2024−2025)
PassMark	19,532	56,301+188%
Cinebench R23 Multi	12,380	—
Geekbench 6 Single	1,700	3,400+100%
Geekbench 6 Multi	657	26,000+3857%

🧠

Memory & Platform

The Core i5-12400F uses the LGA1700 socket (PCIe 3.0), while the Ryzen 9 9900X3D uses AM5 (PCIe 5.0) — making them incompatible on the same motherboard. Both support up to DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200 memory speed. The Ryzen 9 9900X3D supports up to 192 GB of RAM compared to 128 GB — 40% more capacity for professional workloads. Both feature 2-channel memory with ECC support. PCIe lanes: 20 (Core i5-12400F) vs 24 (Ryzen 9 9900X3D) — the Ryzen 9 9900X3D offers 4 more lanes for additional GPUs or NVMe drives. Chipset compatibility: H610,B660,H670,Z690,B760,H770,Z790 (Core i5-12400F) and X670,X670E,X870,X870E (Ryzen 9 9900X3D).

Feature	Core i5-12400F	Ryzen 9 9900X3D
Socket	LGA1700	AM5
PCIe Generation	PCIe 3.0	PCIe 5.0+67%
Max RAM Speed	DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200	DDR5-5600
Max RAM Capacity	128 GB	192 GB+50%
RAM Channels	2	2
ECC Support	No	Yes
PCIe Lanes	20	24+20%

🔧

Advanced Features

Virtualization support: VT-x, VT-d, EPT (Core i5-12400F) vs AMD-V (Ryzen 9 9900X3D). The Ryzen 9 9900X3D includes integrated graphics (AMD Radeon Graphics (2 Cores)), while the Core i5-12400F requires a dedicated GPU. Primary use case: Core i5-12400F targets Gaming Performance/Value, Ryzen 9 9900X3D targets High End Gaming/Creation. Direct competitor: Core i5-12400F rivals Ryzen 5 5600; Ryzen 9 9900X3D rivals Core Ultra 9 285K.

Feature	Core i5-12400F	Ryzen 9 9900X3D
Integrated GPU	No	Yes
IGPU Model	—	AMD Radeon Graphics (2 Cores)
Unlocked	—	Yes
AVX-512	—	Yes
Virtualization	VT-x, VT-d, EPT	AMD-V
Target Use	Gaming Performance/Value	High End Gaming/Creation

💰

Value Analysis

The Core i5-12400F launched at $174 MSRP, while the Ryzen 9 9900X3D debuted at $599. On MSRP ($174 vs $599), the Core i5-12400F is $425 cheaper. In terms of value on MSRP (PassMark points per dollar), the Core i5-12400F delivers 112.3 pts/$ vs 94.0 pts/$ for the Ryzen 9 9900X3D — making the Core i5-12400F the 17.7% better value option.