Core i9-9940X vs Core i7-12700K
Core i9-9940X
Core i7-12700K
Performance Spectrum - CPU
About PassMark
PassMark CPU Mark evaluates processor speed through complex mathematical computations. It provides a reliable metric to compare multi-core performance, where higher scores indicate faster processing for multitasking, gaming, and heavy workloads.
Value Upgrade Path
This is the official ChipVERSUS Value Rating, comparing raw performance (PassMark) per dollar. Components placed above yours deliver better value for money.
Avg price is the current average price collected from markets across the web.
Performance Per Dollar Core i9-9940X
Performance Per Dollar Core i7-12700K
Performance Comparison
About PassMark🏆 Chipversus Verdict
🚀 Performance Leadership
| Insight | Core i9-9940X | Core i7-12700K |
|---|---|---|
| Gaming | ❌ Lower gaming performance | ✅ Superior gaming performance |
| Workstation | ❌ Weaker in multi-core tasks | ✅ Better multi-core power |
| Price | ⚠️ Higher cost ($850) | ✅ More affordable ($285) |
| Longevity | ✨ Modern (Skylake (server) (2017−2018) / 14 nm) | ✨ Modern (Alder Lake, Golden Cove, Gracemont (2021) / 10 nm) |
💎 Value Proposition
| Insight | Core i9-9940X | Core i7-12700K |
|---|---|---|
| Cost Efficiency | ❌ Lower cost efficiency | ✅ Better overall value (+265%) |
| Upfront Cost | ⚠️ Higher cost ($850) | ✅ More affordable ($285) |
Performance Check
To accurately isolate CPU performance, all benchmarks below use an NVIDIA RTX 4090 as the reference GPU. This eliminates GPU-side bottlenecks and highlights pure processing throughput differences between the CPUs.
Note: Real-world results may vary based on your actual GPU. CPU performance impact is more visible in processing-intensive titles and high-refresh-rate gaming scenarios.
Technical Specifications
Side-by-side comparison of Core i9-9940X and Core i7-12700K
Core i9-9940X
The Core i9-9940X is manufactured by Intel. It was released in 19 October 2018 (7 years ago). It is based on the Skylake (server) (2017−2018) architecture. It features 14 cores and 28 threads. Base frequency is 3.3 GHz, with boost up to 4.5 GHz. L3 cache: 19.25 MB (total). L2 cache: 1 MB (per core). Built on 14 nm process technology. Socket: LGA2066. Thermal design power (TDP): 165 Watt. Memory support: DDR4-2666. Passmark benchmark score: 28,088 points. Launch price was $1,387.
Core i7-12700K
The Core i7-12700K is manufactured by Intel. It was released in 4 November 2021 (4 years ago). It is based on the Alder Lake, Golden Cove, Gracemont (2021) architecture. It features 12 cores and 20 threads. Base frequency is 3.6 GHz, with boost up to 5 GHz. L3 cache: 25 MB (total). L2 cache: 1.25 MB (per core). Built on 10 nm process technology. Socket: LGA1700. Thermal design power (TDP): 125 Watt. Memory support: DDR4, DDR5. Passmark benchmark score: 34,347 points. Launch price was $409.
Processing Power
The Core i9-9940X packs 14 cores / 28 threads, while the Core i7-12700K offers 12 cores / 20 threads — the Core i9-9940X has 2 more cores. Boost clocks reach 4.5 GHz on the Core i9-9940X versus 5 GHz on the Core i7-12700K — a 10.5% clock advantage for the Core i7-12700K (base: 3.3 GHz vs 3.6 GHz). The Core i9-9940X uses the Skylake (server) (2017−2018) architecture (14 nm), while the Core i7-12700K uses Alder Lake, Golden Cove, Gracemont (2021) (10 nm). In PassMark, the Core i9-9940X scores 28,088 against the Core i7-12700K's 34,347 — a 20% lead for the Core i7-12700K. L3 cache: 19.25 MB (total) on the Core i9-9940X vs 25 MB (total) on the Core i7-12700K.
| Feature | Core i9-9940X | Core i7-12700K |
|---|---|---|
| Cores / Threads | 14 / 28+17% | 12 / 20 |
| Boost Clock | 4.5 GHz | 5 GHz+11% |
| Base Clock | 3.3 GHz | 3.6 GHz+9% |
| L3 Cache | 19.25 MB (total) | 25 MB (total)+30% |
| L2 Cache | 1 MB (per core) | 1.25 MB (per core)+25% |
| Process | 14 nm | 10 nm-29% |
| Architecture | Skylake (server) (2017−2018) | Alder Lake, Golden Cove, Gracemont (2021) |
| PassMark | 28,088 | 34,347+22% |
Memory & Platform
The Core i9-9940X uses the LGA2066 socket (PCIe 3.0), while the Core i7-12700K uses LGA1700 (PCIe 5.0) — making them incompatible on the same motherboard. Maximum memory speed reaches DDR4-2666 on the Core i9-9940X versus 4800 on the Core i7-12700K — the Core i7-12700K supports 199.7% faster memory, which can translate to measurable gains in memory-sensitive workloads. Both support up to 128 GB of RAM. Memory channels: 4 (Core i9-9940X) vs 2 (Core i7-12700K). PCIe lanes: 44 (Core i9-9940X) vs 20 (Core i7-12700K) — the Core i9-9940X offers 24 more lanes for additional GPUs or NVMe drives.
| Feature | Core i9-9940X | Core i7-12700K |
|---|---|---|
| Socket | LGA2066 | LGA1700 |
| PCIe Generation | PCIe 3.0 | PCIe 5.0+67% |
| Max RAM Speed | DDR4-2666 | 4800+119900% |
| Max RAM Capacity | 128 GB+104857500% | 128 |
| RAM Channels | 4+100% | 2 |
| ECC Support | ❌ | ✅ |
| PCIe Lanes | 44+120% | 20 |
Advanced Features
Both processors feature an unlocked multiplier for overclocking. Only the Core i9-9940X supports AVX-512 instructions — important for machine learning and scientific applications. Both support VT-x, VT-d virtualization. The Core i7-12700K includes integrated graphics (Intel UHD Graphics 770), while the Core i9-9940X requires a dedicated GPU. Primary use case: Core i9-9940X targets Workstation. Direct competitor: Core i7-12700K rivals Ryzen 7 5800X.
| Feature | Core i9-9940X | Core i7-12700K |
|---|---|---|
| Integrated GPU | No | Yes |
| IGPU Model | — | Intel UHD Graphics 770 |
| Unlocked | Yes | Yes |
| AVX-512 | Yes | No |
| Virtualization | VT-x, VT-d | VT-x, VT-d |
| Target Use | Workstation | — |
Value Analysis
The Core i9-9940X launched at $1387 MSRP, while the Core i7-12700K debuted at $409. At current prices ($850 vs $285), the Core i7-12700K is $565 cheaper. In terms of value (PassMark points per dollar), the Core i9-9940X delivers 33.0 pts/$ vs 120.5 pts/$ for the Core i7-12700K — making the Core i7-12700K the 113.9% better value option.
| Feature | Core i9-9940X | Core i7-12700K |
|---|---|---|
| MSRP | $1387 | $409-71% |
| Avg Price (30d) | $850 | $285-66% |
| Performance per Dollar | 33.0 | 120.5+265% |
| Release Date | 2018 | 2021 |
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