Core i9-10980XE vs Core i5-12400F
Core i9-10980XE
Core i5-12400F
Performance Spectrum - CPU
About PassMark
PassMark CPU Mark evaluates processor speed through complex mathematical computations. It provides a reliable metric to compare multi-core performance, where higher scores indicate faster processing for multitasking, gaming, and heavy workloads.
Value Upgrade Path
This is the official ChipVERSUS Value Rating, comparing raw performance (PassMark) per dollar. Components placed above yours deliver better value for money.
Avg price is the current average price collected from markets across the web.
Performance Per Dollar Core i9-10980XE
Performance Per Dollar Core i5-12400F
Performance Comparison
About PassMark🏆 Chipversus Verdict
🚀 Performance Leadership
| Insight | Core i9-10980XE | Core i5-12400F |
|---|---|---|
| Gaming | ❌ Lower gaming performance | ✅ Superior gaming performance |
| Workstation | ✅ Better multi-core power | ❌ Weaker in multi-core tasks |
| Price | ⚠️ Higher cost ($620) | ✅ More affordable ($110) |
| Longevity | ✨ Modern (Cascade Lake-X (2019) / 14 nm) | ✨ Modern (Alder Lake-S (2022) / Intel 7 nm) |
💎 Value Proposition
| Insight | Core i9-10980XE | Core i5-12400F |
|---|---|---|
| Cost Efficiency | ❌ Lower cost efficiency | ✅ Better overall value (+242%) |
| Upfront Cost | ⚠️ Higher cost ($620) | ✅ More affordable ($110) |
Performance Check
To accurately isolate CPU performance, all benchmarks below use an NVIDIA RTX 4090 as the reference GPU. This eliminates GPU-side bottlenecks and highlights pure processing throughput differences between the CPUs.
Note: Real-world results may vary based on your actual GPU. CPU performance impact is more visible in processing-intensive titles and high-refresh-rate gaming scenarios.
Technical Specifications
Side-by-side comparison of Core i9-10980XE and Core i5-12400F
Core i9-10980XE
The Core i9-10980XE is manufactured by Intel. It was released in 19 October 2019 (6 years ago). It is based on the Cascade Lake-X (2019) architecture. It features 18 cores and 36 threads. Base frequency is 3 GHz, with boost up to 4.8 GHz. L3 cache: 24.75 MB (total). L2 cache: 1 MB (per core). Built on 14 nm process technology. Socket: LGA2066. Thermal design power (TDP): 165 Watt. Memory support: DDR4. Passmark benchmark score: 32,187 points. Launch price was $979.
Core i5-12400F
The Core i5-12400F is manufactured by Intel. It was released in 4 January 2022 (3 years ago). It is based on the Alder Lake-S (2022) architecture. It features 6 cores and 12 threads. Base frequency is 2.5 GHz, with boost up to 4.4 GHz. L3 cache: 18 MB (total). L2 cache: 1.25 MB (per core). Built on Intel 7 nm process technology. Socket: LGA1700. Thermal design power (TDP): 65 Watt. Memory support: DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200. Passmark benchmark score: 19,532 points. Launch price was $180.
Processing Power
The Core i9-10980XE packs 18 cores / 36 threads, while the Core i5-12400F offers 6 cores / 12 threads — the Core i9-10980XE has 12 more cores. Boost clocks reach 4.8 GHz on the Core i9-10980XE versus 4.4 GHz on the Core i5-12400F — a 8.7% clock advantage for the Core i9-10980XE (base: 3 GHz vs 2.5 GHz). The Core i9-10980XE uses the Cascade Lake-X (2019) architecture (14 nm), while the Core i5-12400F uses Alder Lake-S (2022) (Intel 7 nm). In PassMark, the Core i9-10980XE scores 32,187 against the Core i5-12400F's 19,532 — a 48.9% lead for the Core i9-10980XE. Cinebench R23 multi-core: 24,309 vs 12,380 (65% advantage for the Core i9-10980XE). Geekbench 6 single-core — the metric most relevant to gaming — records 1,242 vs 1,700, a 31.1% lead for the Core i5-12400F that directly translates to higher frame rates. Multi-core Geekbench: 16,275 vs 657 (184.5% advantage for the Core i9-10980XE). L3 cache: 24.75 MB (total) on the Core i9-10980XE vs 18 MB (total) on the Core i5-12400F.
| Feature | Core i9-10980XE | Core i5-12400F |
|---|---|---|
| Cores / Threads | 18 / 36+200% | 6 / 12 |
| Boost Clock | 4.8 GHz+9% | 4.4 GHz |
| Base Clock | 3 GHz+20% | 2.5 GHz |
| L3 Cache | 24.75 MB (total)+38% | 18 MB (total) |
| L2 Cache | 1 MB (per core) | 1.25 MB (per core)+25% |
| Process | 14 nm | Intel 7 nm-50% |
| Architecture | Cascade Lake-X (2019) | Alder Lake-S (2022) |
| PassMark | 32,187+65% | 19,532 |
| Cinebench R23 Multi | 24,309+96% | 12,380 |
| Geekbench 6 Single | 1,242 | 1,700+37% |
| Geekbench 6 Multi | 16,275+2377% | 657 |
Memory & Platform
The Core i9-10980XE uses the LGA2066 socket (PCIe 3.0), while the Core i5-12400F uses LGA1700 (PCIe 3.0) — making them incompatible on the same motherboard. Maximum memory speed reaches DDR4-2933 on the Core i9-10980XE versus DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200 on the Core i5-12400F — the Core i5-12400F supports 22.2% faster memory, which can translate to measurable gains in memory-sensitive workloads. The Core i9-10980XE supports up to 256 GB of RAM compared to 128 GB — 66.7% more capacity for professional workloads. Memory channels: 4 (Core i9-10980XE) vs 2 (Core i5-12400F). PCIe lanes: 48 (Core i9-10980XE) vs 20 (Core i5-12400F) — the Core i9-10980XE offers 28 more lanes for additional GPUs or NVMe drives. Chipset compatibility: X299 (Core i9-10980XE) and H610,B660,H670,Z690,B760,H770,Z790 (Core i5-12400F).
| Feature | Core i9-10980XE | Core i5-12400F |
|---|---|---|
| Socket | LGA2066 | LGA1700 |
| PCIe Generation | PCIe 3.0 | PCIe 3.0 |
| Max RAM Speed | DDR4-2933 | DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200+25% |
| Max RAM Capacity | 256 GB+100% | 128 GB |
| RAM Channels | 4+100% | 2 |
| ECC Support | ❌ | ❌ |
| PCIe Lanes | 48+140% | 20 |
Advanced Features
Virtualization support: Yes (Core i9-10980XE) vs VT-x, VT-d, EPT (Core i5-12400F). Primary use case: Core i5-12400F targets Gaming Performance/Value. Direct competitor: Core i5-12400F rivals Ryzen 5 5600.
| Feature | Core i9-10980XE | Core i5-12400F |
|---|---|---|
| Integrated GPU | No | No |
| AVX-512 | Yes | — |
| Virtualization | Yes | VT-x, VT-d, EPT |
| Target Use | — | Gaming Performance/Value |
Value Analysis
The Core i9-10980XE launched at $979 MSRP, while the Core i5-12400F debuted at $174. At current prices ($620 vs $110), the Core i5-12400F is $510 cheaper. In terms of value (PassMark points per dollar), the Core i9-10980XE delivers 51.9 pts/$ vs 177.6 pts/$ for the Core i5-12400F — making the Core i5-12400F the 109.5% better value option.
| Feature | Core i9-10980XE | Core i5-12400F |
|---|---|---|
| MSRP | $979 | $174-82% |
| Avg Price (30d) | $620 | $110-82% |
| Performance per Dollar | 51.9 | 177.6+242% |
| Release Date | 2019 | 2022 |
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